{"id":1992,"date":"2011-08-19T10:07:57","date_gmt":"2011-08-19T15:07:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/?p=1992"},"modified":"2011-08-19T10:07:57","modified_gmt":"2011-08-19T15:07:57","slug":"phaedo-video-ibm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/?p=1992","title":{"rendered":"PHAEDO VIDEO AND IBM"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"560\" height=\"345\" src=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/It1qhhhu8bQ\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><br \/>\nI met the owner and crew of &#8220;Phaedo&#8221; shortly before the start of the transatlantic race in June, when we took a safety at sea class together. They were new to ocean racing. They performed well in the transatlantic race and in the Fastnet. I guess one could say that they took to it like ducks to water. They have assembled videos of all they have done in a terrific way.<br \/>\n  Ran, should be acknowledged as the first back to back winner of the Fastnet Race since the Phil Rhodes designed Carina.<\/p>\n<p>A completely different subject; IBM has announced a chip that will simulate cognitive thinking; much like the human brain.<br \/>\nARMONK, N.Y.,\t &#8211; 18 Aug 2011: Today, IBM (NYSE: IBM) researchers unveiled a new generation of experimental computer chips designed to emulate the brain\u2019s abilities for perception, action and cognition. The technology could yield many orders of magnitude less power consumption and space than used in today\u2019s computers.<br \/>\nIn a sharp departure from traditional concepts in designing and building computers, IBM\u2019s first neurosynaptic computing chips recreate the phenomena between spiking neurons and synapses in biological systems, such as the brain, through advanced algorithms and silicon circuitry. Its first two prototype chips have already been fabricated and are currently undergoing testing.<br \/>\nCalled cognitive computers, systems built with these chips won\u2019t be programmed the same way traditional computers are today. Rather, cognitive computers are expected to learn through experiences, find correlations, create hypotheses, and remember \u2013 and learn from \u2013 the outcomes, mimicking the brains structural and synaptic plasticity.<br \/>\nTo do this, IBM is combining principles from nanoscience, neuroscience and supercomputing as part of a multi-year cognitive computing initiative. The company and its university collaborators also announced they have been awarded approximately $21 million in new funding from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) for Phase 2 of the Systems of Neuromorphic Adaptive Plastic Scalable Electronics (SyNAPSE) project.<br \/>\nThe goal of SyNAPSE  is to create a system that not only analyzes complex information from multiple sensory modalities at once, but also dynamically rewires itself as it interacts with its environment \u2013 all while rivaling the brain\u2019s compact size and low power usage. The IBM team has already successfully completed Phases 0 and 1.<br \/>\n\u201cThis is a major initiative to move beyond the von Neumann paradigm that has been ruling computer architecture for more than half a century,\u201d said Dharmendra Modha, project leader for IBM Research. \u201cFuture applications of computing will increasingly demand functionality that is not efficiently delivered by the traditional architecture. These chips are another significant step in the evolution of computers from calculators to learning systems, signaling the beginning of a new generation of computers and their applications in business, science and government.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Neurosynaptic Chips<br \/>\nWhile they contain no biological elements, IBM\u2019s first cognitive computing prototype chips use digital silicon circuits inspired by neurobiology to make up what is referred to as a \u201cneurosynaptic core\u201d with integrated memory (replicated synapses), computation (replicated neurons) and communication (replicated axons).<br \/>\nIBM has two working prototype designs. Both cores were fabricated in 45 nm SOI-CMOS and contain 256 neurons. One core contains 262,144 programmable synapses and the other contains 65,536 learning synapses. The IBM team has successfully demonstrated simple applications like navigation, machine vision, pattern recognition, associative memory and classification.<br \/>\nIBM\u2019s overarching cognitive computing architecture is an on-chip network of light-weight cores, creating a single integrated system of hardware and software. This architecture represents a critical shift away from traditional von Neumann computing to a potentially more power-efficient architecture that has no set programming, integrates memory with processor, and mimics the brain\u2019s event-driven, distributed and parallel processing.<br \/>\nIBM\u2019s long-term goal is to build a chip system with ten billion neurons and hundred trillion synapses, while consuming merely one kilowatt of power and occupying less than two liters of volume.<br \/>\nWhy Cognitive Computing<br \/>\nFuture chips will be able to ingest information from complex, real-world environments through multiple sensory modes and act through multiple motor modes in a coordinated, context-dependent manner.<br \/>\nFor example, a cognitive computing system monitoring the world&#8217;s water supply could contain a network of sensors and actuators that constantly record and report metrics such as temperature, pressure, wave height, acoustics and ocean tide, and issue tsunami warnings based on its decision making. Similarly, a grocer stocking shelves could use an instrumented glove that monitors sights, smells, texture and temperature to flag bad or contaminated produce. Making sense of real-time input flowing at an ever-dizzying rate would be a Herculean task for today\u2019s computers, but would be natural for a brain-inspired system.<br \/>\n\u201cImagine traffic lights that can integrate sights, sounds and smells and flag unsafe intersections before disaster happens or imagine cognitive co-processors that turn servers, laptops, tablets, and phones into machines that can interact better with their environments,\u201d said Dr. Modha.<br \/>\nFor Phase 2 of SyNAPSE, IBM has assembled a world-class multi-dimensional team of researchers and collaborators to achieve these ambitious goals. The team includes Columbia University; Cornell University; University of California, Merced; and University of Wisconsin, Madison.<br \/>\nIBM has a rich history in the area of artificial intelligence research going all the way back to 1956 when IBM performed the world&#8217;s first large-scale (512 neuron) cortical simulation. Most recently, IBM Research scientists created Watson, an analytical computing system that specializes in understanding natural human language and provides specific answers to complex questions at rapid speeds. Watson represents a tremendous breakthrough in computers understanding natural language, \u201creal language\u201d that is not specially designed or encoded just for computers, but language that humans use to naturally capture and communicate knowledge.<br \/>\nIBM\u2019s cognitive computing chips were built at its highly advanced chip-making facility in Fishkill, N.Y. and are currently being tested at its research labs in Yorktown Heights, N.Y. and San Jose, Calif.<br \/>\nFor more information about IBM Research, please visit ibm.com\/research. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>I met the owner and crew of &#8220;Phaedo&#8221; shortly before the start of the transatlantic race in June, when we took a safety at sea class together. They were new to ocean racing. They performed well in the transatlantic race and in the Fastnet. I guess one could say that they took to it like &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/?p=1992\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">PHAEDO VIDEO AND IBM<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[64],"tags":[2401,848,847,796,513,846],"class_list":["post-1992","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fastnet-race","tag-carina","tag-computers","tag-ibm","tag-phaedo","tag-phil-rhodes","tag-ran"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1992","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1992"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1992\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1993,"href":"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1992\/revisions\/1993"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1992"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1992"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/stephenlirakis.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1992"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}